According to the first Eurobarometer study on the reality of the economy submerged in the set of the 27 Member States of the EU, presented/displayed east Wednesday, 11% of the citizens of the EU admit to have acquired services or products related to the black market (a 9% acquire services and 6% admit to buy products), percentage that in the Spanish case is reduced to 6% (5% of the Spaniards recognize to have used a service nondeclared, whereas 2% admit to have bought some product in the black market). In general terms, Denmark (27%), the Netherlands (27%) and Latvia (24%) are the countries whose citizens admit to have acquired the greater amount of services and black products. In last positions, Cyprus (2%), Spain (6%) and Germany are placed (6%). On the other hand, only 5% of the European population admit to participate in the black labor market. The percentage increases to 8% between the unemployed people, the autómonos students and employees. In the case of Spain, only 3% admit to have participated in economic activities submerged year in the last, whereas only 5% recognized that the totality or part of to its received it wage “in a black envelope”. The black market especially affects the sale sectors retail (22% of the cases); services in the home (17%); construction (16%) and services of repair (11%). On the contrary, it affects less to the sectors agrarian, of transport and industry, where black manpower represents only 1%. 40% of the European citizens that resorts to services and products in the black market accede to them through friendly, companions, relatives or neighbors (27% in the Spanish case); 28% through private people or homes (21% in the case of Spain) and 19% resort to companies (the same percentage that enter Spanish). The price under the services and products acquired in the black market is more the main reason to resort to them, according to 66% of the European. 21% of them do because they are faster services; whereas 14% make “make a favor or help a friend”. Nevertheless, the majority of the European (53%) admits that it would buy products and services in the regular market of not existing in the black and only 13% admit that had done he himself the work and 12% that had resigned to acquire them in the regular market. DECLARED WORK Only 3% of the Spaniards does not recognize to have realized a work nondeclared in the last year, percentage that is placed between lowest of the EU, behind Cyprus (1%); Malta (2%) and the United Kingdom (2%), whereas Portugal, Italy and Germany all present/display a 3% of citizens whom they admit to have worked in black. In the other end, they appear Denmark, where 18% admit to have worked in black, Latvia (15%) and the Netherlands (13%). WAGE IN ENVELOPE In the case of Spain, 5% of the survey ones admitted to have received the totality or leaves from its wage in “in black” and “on”. In the case of Rumanians, the practical one more is extended since, 23% it recognizes therefore it, as they admit 17% of letones and 14% to it of Bulgarians. In the other end, Maltese, British, Luxemburgish, French German and only 1% say to have received 12 months in the last divides or the totality of their black wage “”. Between the countries whose citizens perceive a greater risk of being able “to be pillaged” not to declare are Portugal, Lithuania, Estonia and the United Kingdom. Minor is the perception of risk in countries like Sweden, Denmark, Bulgaria or Luxembourg. Spain appears in an intermediate position in this aspect. In general terms, 60% of the European think that the sanction will come via not disbursed slow taxes and a fine (50% of the Spaniards think that would be the punishment of not declaring the cattle); 18% think that it would be via taxes but without having to pay a fine (22% believe therefore it in Spain); whereas 7% think that it would face a prison pain (percentage that falls to 3% in the Spanish case). Between the European that recognizes to work without declaring, 47% affirm that it does because “both parts (employer and employee) benefit from it”. 23% use that it carries out a work stationary “and is not worth the trouble to declare it”, whereas 16% of the citizens of the EU justify not to declare or by not being able to find a a job with legal contract or because the declared work “is not a practice extended in the region or sector of work”. On the other hand, 13% attribute to “the high taxes and quotes to the social security”. The commissioner of Use recognized that “the black work is an unjustifiable phenomenon that affects the European financial socioeconomic system” and emphasized that “the great demand of declared work is not greater whichever major is the level of formation” of the workers. Also, he has more incidence between managers and independent and he is not attributable exclusively to the entrance of immigrants. For this reason, he emphasized that the declared work “is not something that only depends on the immigration nor on the free circulation of people” between communitarian States, in spite of recognizing its “border dimension”. “It is a phenomenon that occurs in all the Member States and between people nonimmigrants”, it explained. Spidla admitted that since the Commission adopted in 2004 a package of measures to fight the work nondeclared “the situation has not improved” and mentioned several effective problems like “the fiscality of the remunerated works, the necessity to simplify the fiscality that is applied to the extraordinary hours (worked) or the presence of false independent”. Nevertheless, Spidla stressed that “most of the people prefer to work legally”.

MINIMAL WAGE, United Kingdom EXAMPLE For this reason, defended that “the introduction of a minimum wage could be an effective method to fight the work nondeclared” and emphasized “the significant experience in the United Kingdom” in this sense since it implanted the minimum wage because “many people who before worked in black now work declaring”. “In the United Kingdom the introduction of the minimum wage has worked”, added, while it recognized that “the minimum system in Europe of wages is very different” following a country or another one. The commissioner also defended the necessity “to reduce the fiscal costs of the work” because he recognized that “when the pay bases he is insufficient is very difficult to do in front of the fiscal loads”. For this reason, he pleaded “to calculate the minimum wage very well”. In the case of the reductions of the types of IVA, the commissioner he recognized that “the one of the IVA is a controversial subject”, although mentioned the experience in France where the reductions of the tax on the hours extra “have not had so great consequences” for the financial system.